DIABETES MELLITUS
Definition
- Metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defective insulin secretion and/or action
- results in long-term multi-organ complications.
- can now be found in almost every population in the world and epidemiological evidence suggests that, without effective prevention and control programmes, its prevalence will likely continue to increase globally.
Symptoms
- Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss despite polyphagia
- Blurred vision
- Growth impairment
- Increased susceptibility to infections
Classification of diabetes mellitus
- Type 1 diabetes (ß-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency)
- Immune mediated
- Idiopathic
- Type 2 diabetes
–insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency
–secretory defect with insulin resistance
- Gestational diabetes
- Secondary diabetes